Virginia Landlord Guide: What You Need to Know

Being a landlord in Virginia feels like juggling a few balls at once—legal rules, tenant expectations, and everyday upkeep. If you’re ready to keep things smooth, this guide breaks down the must‑know steps so you can avoid headaches and keep cash flowing.

Key Legal Requirements in Virginia

First up, the law. Virginia’s landlord‑tenant code is clear on a few non‑negotiables. You must provide a written lease that states the rent amount, payment date, and any fees. The lease also needs to spell out who handles utilities and what the rules are for pets, subletting, and early termination.

Security deposits can’t exceed two months’ rent, and you have 45 days after a tenant moves out to return the money or send an itemized list of deductions. Keep records of every repair request and the date you fixed it—this protects you if a dispute arises.

When it comes to repairs, Virginia law says you must keep the property “habitable.” That means fixing leaky roofs, broken heaters, and any health‑hazard issues within a reasonable time. If a tenant reports a problem, acknowledge it in writing and set a clear timeline for the fix.

Evictions are a last resort, but you should know the process. A landlord can’t just change the locks. You need to serve a proper “Notice to Vacate”—usually five days for non‑payment or a longer period for other lease violations. If the tenant doesn’t leave, you’ll file a Complaint in the General District Court and follow the court’s schedule.

Practical Tips for Managing Your Rental

Paperwork is your best friend. Use a digital platform to store leases, rent receipts, and maintenance logs. It makes year‑end tax prep a breeze and gives you quick evidence if a dispute pops up.

Set clear rent payment methods. Online transfers or automatic bank drafts reduce late payments and make tracking easier. If you do accept checks, note the due date and charge a small fee for bounced ones.

Screen tenants thoroughly. A credit check, employment verification, and a reference call can save you from future trouble. Virginia doesn’t ban background checks, but you must follow the Fair Credit Reporting Act.

Stay on top of routine maintenance. Schedule seasonal inspections—check the furnace before winter, clean gutters in fall, and test smoke detectors quarterly. A well‑maintained property attracts reliable renters and justifies higher rent.

Communicate openly. Let tenants know the best way to reach you for emergencies (a phone line or email) and respond within 24 hours for urgent issues. A quick response builds trust and often prevents small problems from becoming big expenses.

Finally, keep an eye on local market trends. Virginia’s rental rates vary widely—from the higher prices in Northern Virginia to more affordable options in Southwest regions. Adjust your rent every 12‑18 months based on comparable listings to stay competitive.

Running a rental in Virginia isn’t rocket science, but it does require a solid grasp of the rules and a proactive approach to management. Follow these basics, stay organized, and you’ll find the landlord life a lot less stressful and a lot more rewarding.