Renting Laws in India – A Simple Guide for Tenants and Landlords

When you rent a place in India, you’re protected by a few clear rules. Knowing them helps you avoid disputes and saves time.

Key Rights for Tenants

Any rental agreement that lasts more than 11 months must be in writing and registered. A written lease protects both sides and makes the terms enforceable.

The security deposit you pay can’t exceed two months’ rent for residential properties. The landlord must return it within 30 days after you move out, minus any valid deductions for damage.

You have the right to receive a rent receipt every month. The receipt should show the amount paid, the date, and the landlord’s name and address. This is useful if you ever need to prove payment.

If the landlord wants to raise the rent, they must give you a written notice at least 30 days before the increase. The new rent can’t be absurdly high; it should be in line with the market rate.

Should the landlord try to evict you, they must follow the legal process. Usually, they need to give a 30‑day notice for a breach of contract or a 60‑day notice for other reasons. Eviction can only happen through the court, not by force.

Obligations for Landlords

Landlords must keep the property livable. That means fixing major issues like water supply, electricity, and structural problems promptly.

They also need to give tenants a copy of the agreement and any addendums. If the property is in a rent‑controlled area, the landlord must respect the local rent control limits.

Before raising rent, landlords should check the state’s rent‑control act. Some states, like Delhi and Maharashtra, have specific caps on how much rent can increase each year.

The landlord may ask for a security deposit, but they cannot keep it as extra rent. When the tenancy ends, they must provide a detailed statement of any deductions and return the rest.

If a landlord wants to end the lease without cause, they need to give at least 90 days’ notice in most states. This gives the tenant time to find a new place.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Never sign a blank or oral agreement for a long‑term lease. Always read the fine print and ask for clarification on any clause you don’t understand.

Don’t skip the registration fee. Skipping it can make the lease unenforceable later, and you could lose your deposit.

Both parties should keep all communication—texts, emails, and receipts—because they become evidence if a dispute goes to court.

Finally, if you’re unsure about any rule, consult a local property lawyer. A quick legal check can prevent costly problems down the road.

Sticking to these basics makes renting smoother for everyone. Know your rights, fulfill your duties, and you’ll enjoy a hassle‑free rental experience.